It’s not easy to understand why international-level athletes sometimes fail to achieve absolute top-level performances. Let’s try to identify the key limitations that might prevent them from doing so:
1. Individual Genetic Limits
Every athlete has a genetic potential that determines characteristics such as:
- muscle composition (more fast-twitch or slow-twitch fibers),
- cardiovascular capacity (VO₂ max),
- response to training,
- recovery and resistance to injury.
Not everyone, even with maximum training, has the DNA to become a Bolt or a Phelps.
2. Quality of Training
Even at the international level, there are differences in:
- training methodologies,
- quality of the coaching staff,
- facilities (equipment, tracks, gyms),
- access to performance analysis technologies (GPS, biomechanics, etc.).
A small error in training planning can make the difference between being “excellent” and being “legendary.”
3. Recovery and Injuries
Injuries are one of the main obstacles:
- chronic or recurring injuries can limit training,
- even fear of injury can affect performance,
- recovery isn’t always optimal, especially with a packed competition schedule.
4. Psychological Aspects
Elite mindset is not a given:
- stress management,
- resilience,
- constant motivation,
- ability to perform at key moments.
The mind can be the difference between a world finalist and an Olympic champion.
5. Career Strategy and Management
Poor tactical and strategic choices (changing coach, federation, etc.) can affect an entire career. Competition schedules and performance peaks must also be planned down to the last detail.
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